Scientists detected a reversal of the Southern Hemisphere ocean circulation since 2016.
Rising surface salinity shows deep water is upwelling instead of sinking.
Upwelling brings heat and CO₂ to the surface, speeding sea ice melt.
New satellite data processing for the SMOS mission made this discovery possible.
Reversal could double atmospheric CO₂ and disrupt global climate systems.
New ESA projects (ARCTIC-FLOW and CCI OSHF) will monitor ocean changes.
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